Getting them to speak up in the target language
From New Teacher Handbook
General Advice
Wait Time
After you pose a question to the group or to an individual, mentally count to 5 (or 10) before asking someone else or before giving the answer. In the target language, students need to process 5-10 more seconds.
Questioning
Start with “closed-ended” questions such as yes/no questions to build their confidence Continue with “open-ended” questions that are more factual answers. They include who, what, where, when, questions. Then you can ask more open-ended questions that would be more opinion based such as what you would do differently?
Personalization
Students like to talk about themselves and as language teachers we can use target language to talk about their lives and activities outside of class. This allows them to use the language in context and actually get them talking about topics they want to talk about.

